NSA

Created byclassified presidential (Truman) memorandum of Oct 24, 1952, reorganizing the Armed Forces Security Agency into NSA; statutory charter via the National Security Agency Act of 1959 (P.L. 86-36)

Head appointed50 U.S.C. § 3602 (as amended by P.L. 113-126 § 401, 2014): Director appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, on the Secretary of Defense's recommendation with DNI concurrence (10 U.S.C. § 201); by practice a senior military officer dual-hatted as Commander, U.S. Cyber Command; no fixed term (PAS)

Removal standardno statutory protection — at will

Funded underclassified annex to the Department of Defense Appropriations Act (National Intelligence Program and Military Intelligence Program); specific authorization required, 50 U.S.C. § 3094

Congressional oversightHouse Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (jurisdiction shared with House Armed Services for the MIP) · Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (jurisdiction shared with Senate Armed Services)

Inspector generalown PAS IG under the IG Act since P.L. 113-126 § 402 (2014); previously a designated-federal-entity IG under IG Act § 8G per P.L. 111-259 § 431 (2010); DOD OIG and IC IG have overlapping jurisdiction

Judicial reviewsurveillance approved and reviewed by the FISC and FISA Court of Review, 50 U.S.C. § 1803; civil challenges face standing limits (Clapper v. Amnesty Int'l USA, 568 U.S. 398 (2013)); NSA Act § 6, 50 U.S.C. § 3605, shields organization, functions, activities, and personnel from any disclosure law (FOIA Exemption 3)